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The treatment of varicocele, the most used are:
the surgical ligation of the veins dilated at high level (the dilated veins are linked so that the blood drains through veins in good condition) or their sclerosis percutaneously. The treatment of varicocele through surgical intervention aims to improve the reproductive capacity of the patient as well as the production of androgens.
The most frequent surgical techniques are:
- Open surgery: surgical ligature of the dilated veins (scrotal vascularization can be accessed through different routes: inguinal, retroperitoneal, scrotal.
- Embolization of the testicular veins: this procedure is performed through a catheter, which allows to plug the veins that are affected and that produce the varicocele.
- Sclerotherapy: it has a recurrence rate of 9-10%.
- Laparoscopic surgery: The most typical complications during the intervention are the injury of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves or other viscera, infection of the wound or, in very rare cases, peritonitis. They are rare.
- Microsurgery: it is the technique with the lowest recurrence rate.
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