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Histamine is a biogenic amine: this means that it is a molecule of low molecular weight nitrogen that is produced by living organisms.
Histamine intolerance is a situation in which a food normally well tolerated in a healthy person produces symptoms due to the content of histamine that does not decompose properly, and it is estimated that it affects 1% of people, especially middle age, although probably the figure is much higher in reality.
Among its consequences is the appearance of mainly digestive disorders (cramps, diarrhea, swelling), but may also appear respiratory symptoms, neurological or skin reactions. And among its causes, as the main one is identified a deficit in the intestine of an enzyme known as DAO, although it is usually associated with digestive problems such as undiagnosed celiac disease, SIBO or alterations in the microbiota such as dysbiosis.
Histamine is a fundamental substance for life that is found in multiple organs and tissues of the body naturally. It is necessary for a correct functioning of the organism, and for this it must be manufactured and released at the appropriate moments, and in the appropriate quantity.
Part of the causes and consequences of histamine intolerance are found in the intestine.
The symptoms of histamine intolerance can be multiple, nonspecific and misinterpreted, and may be due directly to the excess of histamine in the body. Other symptoms are secondary to the production of catecholamines secondary to the presence of histamine.
The most common digestive symptoms caused by histamine intolerance are abdominal pain, usually of the cramping type; as well as abdominal swelling and diarrhea. It can also present with dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux and heartburn. Nausea is common. There are also people with this problem in which respiratory symptoms appear, such as coughing, difficulty breathing, or asthma, as well as nasal mucus and sneezing. In severe cases there may be swelling of the tongue or glottis.
Histamine intolerance is a difficult process to diagnose because the possible symptoms are multiple. Before thinking about an intolerance to food histamine, it is necessary to rule out that it is an allergy, carrying out skin tests or determining the IgE of food allergens. Tryptase levels should also be measured to rule out a possible systemic mastocytosis.
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